Category: Papers 2024

Table of contents The HVAC&R industry has a roadmap to phase down HFCs and move to more environmentally friendly alternatives. But Europe is considering a new course that has people talking. Louise Belfield reports. The Montreal Protocol, adopted back in 1987, regulated the production and use of ozone depleting substances. For the HVAC&R industry, that…

Table of contents ABSTRACT The refrigeration society has a great opportunity to support the green transition necessary to achieve the global environmental goals in due time. The revised EU F-gas regulation and the PFAS restriction illustrate that we must replace synthetic working fluids in new systems whenever possible. During the last decades, triggered by the…

Table of contents ABSTRACT Although the agreement accomplished, during the 28th Meeting of the Parts of Montreal Protocol has been signed by the Brazilian government in Rwanda in October 2016, only in August, 2022, Brazil concluded the Amendment of Kigali ratification process  and  assumed the commitment of freezing the consumption of the hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in…

Table of contents Tunisia ratified the Kigali amendment on August 27, 2021, and is committed to reducing the consumption of refrigerants in the refrigeration and air conditioning sector, and the adoption of new technologies based on low global warming refrigerants, through several activities including the following: THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A NATIONAL CERTIFICATION SYSTEM FOR REFRIGERATION…

Table of contents AIR CONDITIONING IN AFRICA: A CALL FOR ANTI-DUMPING MEASURES AND A BAN ON NON-INVERTER AC SPLITS TO ENHANCE ENERGY EFFICIENCY The conversation surrounding energy efficiency has expanded far beyond Western countries, reaching the whole African region where the need for sustainable energy solutions is critical. Africa, especially sub-Saharan Africa, is grappling with…

Table of contents ABSTRACT Cold-chains – and cooling – are critical infrastructure, vital for a well-functioning society and economy. However, the existing and planned cold-chain infrastructure for the agrifood and pharma vaccine value chains in many emerging markets is insufficient, of low quality and is carbon and resource intensive. To address the challenges, UK Defra…

Table of contents ABSTRACT In this article, 2024-25 ASHRAE President Dennis Knight will discuss the increased demand for HVAC&R and building science professionals with specialized expertise to meet climate targets and commitments. Knight will explore how workforce development strategies, such as advanced education and training, expanding the candidate pool from other professions, and integrated technology…

FAIAR Survey Women in the HVACR Industry in Ibero-America. Results and their alignment with the 4th and 8th United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) As part of the Ibero-American Congress of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration – CIAR24 held in Mexico City, the Women’s Council of the Ibero-American Federation of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Associations (FAIAR)…

Table of Contents EXCERPT Globally, the refrigeration industry employs over 15 million people, yet women make up just 6% of this workforce. Most women in the industry are in sales, marketing, or managerial roles rather than technical positions. Barriers to female participation include entrenched gender perceptions, a decline in female engagement in STEM, and a…

Table of contents Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of a computer or robot to perform tasks that are usually associated with human intellectual processes. AI can process large amounts of data in ways that humans can’t. The goal of AI is to be able to recognize patterns, make decisions, and judge like humans. There…